eSignature & Document Signing

HelloSign vs SignRequest vs OneSpan Sign vs DocuSign: eSignature & Document Signing Buyer's Guide

Comprehensive comparison of top eSignature & Document Signing solutions

πŸ‘€ Ian Sherk πŸ“… December 06, 2025 ⏱️ 37 min read
AdTools Monster Mascot reviewing products: HelloSign vs SignRequest vs OneSpan Sign vs DocuSign: eSigna

Introduction

eSignature & Document Signing tools enable secure, legally binding digital signatures on documents, eliminating paper-based processes and accelerating approvals. Businesses, legal teams, sales professionals, and remote workers rely on them to streamline contracts, reduce costs, and ensure compliance. This guide spotlights tools like HelloSign, SignRequest, OneSpan Sign, DocuSign, signNow, Adobe Sign, PandaDoc, Zoho Sign, GetAccept, Nitro Sign, SignEasy, and BoldSign; the global market is valued at $12.22 billion in 2025 Certinal.

Key Features to Look For

HelloSign

Overview

HelloSign, rebranded as Dropbox Sign, provides electronic signature capabilities for uploading, signing, and tracking documents via a web interface or API. It targets developers, SMBs, and teams integrating eSignatures into workflows like CRM automation. Its key differentiator is a developer-friendly API emphasizing ease of automation over enterprise bloat.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise HelloSign's API for its clean design and straightforward integration, often highlighting documentation and automation potential.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Technical complaints center on reliability hiccups, opaque pricing for API features, and security lapses, with some users reporting outages during critical integrations.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Ideal for developers automating eSignatures in SMB apps or CRMs where API simplicity trumps enterprise scale; opt for DocuSign or Adobe Sign if needing robust uptime, advanced security, or high-volume reliability without pricing surprises.

SignRequest

Overview

SignRequest is an eSignature platform that enables businesses to send, sign, and manage documents electronically via a user-friendly interface and robust API, with strong focus on EU compliance like eIDAS for legally binding signatures. It targets small to medium-sized enterprises and developers integrating signing workflows into apps or CRMs. Its key differentiator is cost-effective API access for high-volume automation, now enhanced by Box's acquisition for broader enterprise scalability compared to pricier rivals like DocuSign.

What Technical Users Love

Technical feedback on X is limited, but developers highlight the API's simplicity for integrations over bulkier alternatives like DocuSign or HelloSign.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Developers report occasional reliability hiccups and API changes disrupting workflows, though less severe than outages in tools like OneSpan Sign.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Ideal for EU-based developers building cost-sensitive, API-first eSignature flows into mid-market apps (e.g., CRMs like Zoho), but look to DocuSign or Adobe Sign for global enterprise-scale reliability and richer SDK ecosystems if high customization or non-EU compliance is needed.

OneSpan Sign

Overview

OneSpan Sign is a secure eSignature platform designed for digital document signing, workflow automation, and compliance in regulated sectors like finance, healthcare, and legal. It targets enterprises and developers building custom integrations for high-volume, secure transactions. Its key differentiator is robust security features, including biometric authentication and global compliance (e.g., eIDAS, UETA), backed by a mature REST API for embedding signing into apps.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise OneSpan Sign's API for its depth and documentation, enabling reliable integrations in complex environments. From searches on developer forums and review sites, feedback highlights ease of setup and SDK quality.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Technical complaints center on performance bottlenecks and occasional API instability, particularly with large files or high loads, based on developer forum posts.

Key Capabilities

Best For

OneSpan Sign suits enterprises in regulated industries needing deep API integrations for compliant, secure eSignatures (e.g., better than HelloSign or SignRequest for complexity, on par with DocuSign for scale but with stronger biometrics); SMBs should consider simpler alternatives like signNow or PandaDoc for lower integration overhead and cost.

DocuSign

Overview

DocuSign is a cloud-based platform for electronic signatures and agreement automation, allowing users to send, sign, and manage documents digitally with legal enforceability. It targets enterprises in sales, legal, HR, and finance for streamlining workflows. Its key differentiator is a mature RESTful API suite enabling deep custom integrations, including embedded signing and real-time notifications via webhooks.

What Technical Users Love

Developers appreciate DocuSign's API for straightforward implementations in basic scenarios and its SDKs that accelerate building.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Common pain points include inconsistent documentation, intermittent performance, and breaking changes that disrupt integrations.

Key Capabilities

Best For

DocuSign excels for large-scale enterprise integrations requiring compliance (e.g., ESIGN, eIDAS) and advanced automation in tools like Salesforce or custom apps; for cost-sensitive SMBs or simpler needs, consider lighter alternatives like HelloSign or SignRequest over DocuSign's pricier, feature-heavy setup.

signNow

Overview

SignNow provides cloud-based eSignature and document workflow automation, enabling users to create, send, and track digitally signed documents with compliance features like ESIGN and GDPR. It targets SMBs, developers, and teams integrating signing into apps or CRMs, from solo SaaS builders to mid-market ops. Its key differentiator is a cost-effective REST API with 250 free signatures per month, making it more accessible for custom integrations than enterprise-heavy rivals like DocuSign.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise SignNow's API for straightforward integration into automation tools and its value as a DocuSign alternative, with easy setup for quick prototyping.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Feedback highlights occasional reliability hiccups, like login failures and browser incompatibilities, plus UI tweaks that ignore core workflow painsβ€”issues mostly from 2022-2023 but potentially lingering in edge cases.

Key Capabilities

Best For

SignNow suits budget-conscious developers and SMBs embedding affordable eSignatures into custom apps or no-code tools like n8n; opt for DocuSign or Adobe Sign if needing bulletproof enterprise-scale performance and advanced security.

Adobe Sign

Overview

Adobe Sign is a cloud-based e-signature solution that allows users to send, sign, track, and manage legally binding digital agreements securely. It primarily targets enterprises, legal teams, and developers building automated workflows in regulated industries like finance and healthcare. Its key differentiator is native integration with Adobe Acrobat and Document Cloud, enabling seamless PDF editing, form filling, and signing in one ecosystem.

What Technical Users Love

Developers appreciate Adobe Sign's robust API for enterprise-scale integrations, particularly its reliability in high-volume scenarios and bundling with Adobe subscriptions for cost efficiency.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Common pain points include API access barriers, intermittent reliability issues, and documentation gaps around throttling and multi-instance setups, leading to integration delays.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Adobe Sign excels for developers in Adobe-centric environments needing PDF-native e-signing with enterprise compliance; opt for DocuSign or HelloSign if seeking simpler APIs without subscription bundling or for cost-sensitive SMBs.

PandaDoc

Overview

PandaDoc is a document automation platform that enables creation, collaboration, eSignature, and analytics for proposals, contracts, and workflows, targeting sales and operations teams in SMBs and mid-market companies. It differentiates through built-in templates, CRM syncing, and end-to-end automation, reducing reliance on disjointed tools like separate editors and signers. Versus DocuSign or HelloSign, PandaDoc prioritizes integrated document lifecycle management over standalone signing.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise PandaDoc's API for its straightforward integration and developer-friendly design, often highlighting quick setup compared to bulkier alternatives.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Technical complaints center on performance lags, unresolved bugs, and API constraints that hinder scalability and reliability.

Key Capabilities

Best For

PandaDoc suits developers building sales-focused automations with CRM-heavy workflows; opt for DocuSign or OneSpan Sign if prioritizing raw eSignature volume and enterprise-scale reliability over document templating.

Zoho Sign

Overview

Zoho Sign provides electronic signature capabilities for securely signing, sending, and managing documents digitally, targeting small to medium businesses, especially those in the Zoho ecosystem. It supports workflows like approvals, templates, and integrations for streamlined operations. Its key differentiator is affordable pricing with native ties to Zoho tools, offering robust APIs for custom integrations without the complexity of enterprise giants like DocuSign.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise Zoho Sign's API for its straightforward design and integration ease, particularly when building within Zoho's suite.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Technical complaints center on setup hurdles, rate limits, and occasional integration gaps, especially outside Zoho's ecosystem.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Zoho Sign suits developers building cost-effective e-signature flows in Zoho-centric SMB environments; opt for DocuSign or OneSpan Sign if needing unlimited API calls and advanced enterprise automations like payment integrations.

GetAccept

Overview

GetAccept is an eSignature platform that enables secure digital signing of documents while integrating sales engagement tools like video proposals, analytics, and interactive rooms to track buyer interactions. It targets B2B sales and marketing teams looking to accelerate deal closures through enhanced visibility into document engagement. Its key differentiator is blending e-signing with multimedia sales content, reducing the need for separate tools in sales workflows.

What Technical Users Love

Technical feedback on X (Twitter) for GetAccept's API and developer experience is sparse, with most mentions being automated connector updates rather than in-depth reviews. Broader developer insights from platforms like G2 and Capterra highlight strengths in API usability and support. Here are key quotes from technical users:

Developers appreciate the RESTful API's straightforward endpoints for document lifecycle management and the responsive support for webhook setups, making initial integrations feasible without deep expertise.

What Frustrates Technical Users

X searches yielded no specific developer complaints about bugs or performance, but review sites reveal recurring technical pain points around reliability and setup. Common issues include CRM sync failures and integration gaps:

These point to inconsistent API reliability in CRM-heavy environments and occasional documentation gaps for edge cases, leading to manual workarounds.

Key Capabilities

Best For

GetAccept suits developers building sales enablement apps with moderate e-signature needs and CRM ties, where interactive tracking adds value; opt for DocuSign or Adobe Sign if prioritizing robust enterprise compliance and zero-downtime reliability over sales-specific features.

Nitro Sign

Overview

Nitro Sign is a cloud-based eSignature platform from Nitro Software, enabling secure, compliant digital signing of documents for businesses handling contracts, approvals, and workflows. It targets enterprises and SMBs seeking an affordable alternative to DocuSign or Adobe Sign, with seamless integration into Nitro's PDF ecosystem. Its key differentiator is a developer-friendly REST API for automating envelope creation and signing, combined with strong compliance (ESIGN, UETA, GDPR) at lower costs than competitors like HelloSign or OneSpan Sign.

What Technical Users Love

Technical feedback on X (Twitter) for Nitro Sign's API and developer experience is sparse, with searches yielding no direct developer quotes. Drawing from verified reviews on platforms like Capterra, engineers appreciate the API's ease for integrations and documentation's clarity for common tasks like envelope management.

What Frustrates Technical Users

X searches for bugs and issues returned no relevant technical complaints about Nitro Sign. Reviews reveal occasional stability concerns, particularly in high-volume integrations, lagging behind DocuSign's robustness.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Nitro Sign suits developers building cost-effective eSignature flows into PDF-heavy apps for SMBs, but teams needing ultra-reliable, feature-rich APIs for high-stakes enterprise use should consider DocuSign or Adobe Sign instead.

SignEasy

Overview

SignEasy is a mobile-first eSignature platform that allows users to upload, sign, send, and track documents digitally across web, mobile, and API integrations. It targets SMBs and enterprises in real estate, IT services, and legal sectors needing streamlined contract workflows without heavy paperwork. Its key differentiator is a RESTful API emphasizing simplicity and high-volume automation, with built-in templates and webhooks for developer efficiency.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise SignEasy's API for its straightforward integration and Postman support, making it quick to embed eSignatures into apps. The public workspace and documentation streamline testing and onboarding.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Feedback highlights occasional reliability hiccups like downtime and login glitches, though these appear dated (pre-2023); modern complaints focus on pricing opacity for API usage in smaller setups.

Key Capabilities

Best For

SignEasy suits developers at SMBs building cost-effective, mobile-centric eSignature flows with minimal setup; opt for DocuSign or Adobe Sign if needing enterprise-grade customization or global compliance depth.

BoldSign

Overview

BoldSign is a cloud-based eSignature platform providing RESTful APIs and SDKs for embedding legally binding digital signatures into custom applications, targeting developers, engineers, and technical teams in SMBs and enterprises. It supports workflows like document preparation, multi-signer routing, and compliance standards including SOC 2, GDPR, and eIDAS. Its key differentiator is affordability (starting at $10/month for API access) and developer-friendly tools like Text Tags for automated field placement, making it a cost-effective alternative to pricier options like DocuSign or Adobe Sign.

What Technical Users Love

Developers praise BoldSign's straightforward API integration, robust SDKs, and low cost, especially when compared to legacy systems like DocuSign.

What Frustrates Technical Users

Reliability issues arise from dependency on third-party cloud providers, leading to intermittent disruptions that impact API-dependent workflows.

Key Capabilities

Best For

Ideal for developers building cost-sensitive eSignature integrations in SMB apps needing strong API docs and automation; look to DocuSign or Adobe Sign for enterprise-scale redundancy if uptime is mission-critical.

Head-to-Head Product Comparisons

DocuSign vs Adobe Sign

Quick Verdict: Choose DocuSign for robust API-driven workflows in high-volume environments; opt for Adobe Sign if PDF-centric integrations are key.

Aspect DocuSign Adobe Sign
Best For Enterprise automation PDF editing workflows
Price $25/user/mo $23/user/mo
API Quality 4.7/5 4.2/5
Technical Complexity Med Med

Why Choose DocuSign:
- Mature REST API with extensive SDKs for seamless custom integrations and webhooks source
- Superior scalability for API calls in large-scale deployments, handling 100M+ envelopes annually source
- Advanced developer tools like OAuth 2.0 and sandbox testing reduce integration time source

Why Choose Adobe Sign:
- Tight native integration with Adobe Acrobat for PDF manipulation and form filling via API source
- Cost-effective API access bundled in plans, with strong compliance for regulated docs source
- Simplified API endpoints for quick setup in PDF-heavy tech stacks source


HelloSign vs signNow

Quick Verdict: Pick HelloSign for straightforward API simplicity in small teams; go with signNow for advanced automation at lower cost.

Aspect HelloSign signNow
Best For Quick integrations Workflow automation
Price $20/user/mo $8/user/mo
API Quality 4.5/5 4.3/5
Technical Complexity Low Med

Why Choose HelloSign:
- Clean, intuitive API with minimal endpoints for fast embedding and OAuth support source
- Volume-based pricing for API ($99/mo base) suits low-to-mid usage without overage surprises source
- Easy webhook setup for real-time notifications, ideal for lightweight custom apps source

Why Choose signNow:
- Robust API for conditional logic and multi-step workflows, enhancing complex signing flows source
- Affordable scaling with unlimited templates in API plans, reducing dev overhead source
- Strong integration hooks for Zapier and custom scripts at entry-level pricing source


OneSpan Sign vs SignRequest

Quick Verdict: Select OneSpan Sign for high-security API needs in regulated sectors; choose SignRequest for simple, unlimited API access in SMBs.

Aspect OneSpan Sign SignRequest
Best For Regulated compliance Unlimited volume SMBs
Price $22/user/mo $10/user/mo
API Quality 4.6/5 4.1/5
Technical Complexity High Low

Why Choose OneSpan Sign:
- Bank-grade API with biometric auth and PKI encryption for secure, compliant integrations source
- Advanced SDKs supporting SOAP/REST for enterprise-grade fraud detection in APIs source
- Robust webhook and audit trail APIs tailored for high-stakes financial workflows source

Why Choose SignRequest:
- Transparent API pricing with unlimited envelopes, minimizing costs for high-volume calls source
- Simple REST API focused on ease, with quick setup for basic embedding and webhooks source
- Lightweight integration without heavy compliance overhead, ideal for agile dev teams source

Pricing Comparison β–Ό

Pricing Comparison

Product Starting Price Free Tier Enterprise
HelloSign (Dropbox Sign) $15/user/mo (annual) No (3 docs/mo limited) Custom
SignRequest $9/user/mo (annual) Yes (10 docs/mo) Custom
OneSpan Sign $22/user/mo (annual) No Custom
DocuSign $25/user/mo (annual) No (trial only) Custom
signNow $8/user/mo (annual) No (trial only) $30/user/mo or custom
Adobe Sign $9.99/user/mo (annual) No (trial only) Custom

sources: HelloSign, SignRequest, OneSpan, DocuSign, signNow, Adobe Sign

Pricing gotchas include per-envelope fees for excess volume, add-ons for API access or advanced integrations costing extra, and storage limits that may incur overage charges. Annual billing often required for lowest rates, with monthly options 20-30% higher. Enterprise plans frequently involve custom negotiations including implementation fees.

For small teams (1-5 users), SignRequest offers best value with its free tier and low starting price. Medium teams (6-50) benefit from signNow's affordable scaling and features. Large enterprises (50+) should consider DocuSign or Adobe Sign for robust integrations and compliance, despite higher costs.

Implementation & Onboarding β–Ό

Implementation & Onboarding

Product Setup Time Technical Complexity Migration Difficulty
HelloSign Quick (hours with SDK) Low (REST API, good docs) Medium (integration mapping needed) source
SignRequest Quick (REST setup) Low (simple API calls) Low (straightforward data transfer) source
OneSpan Sign Medium (SDK config) Medium (enterprise features) Medium (guided process available) source
DocuSign Medium (OAuth setup) High (complex auth & error handling) High (legacy to OAuth migration) source
signNow Quick (10-min sandbox) Low (easy integration) Low (minimal custom code) source
Adobe Sign Medium (technical accounts) Medium (API auth updates) Medium (app migration testing) source
  • Authentication pitfalls: Many tools require OAuth 2.0 migration; test token refresh to avoid session drops during high-volume signing.
  • Webhook reliability: Implement retries for event notifications, as intermittent failures can delay workflow completionβ€”common in DocuSign and Adobe Sign.
  • Rate limiting & throttling: Monitor API quotas early; exceeding limits (e.g., DocuSign's 100 envelopes/min) halts integrations without proper queuing.
  • Compliance mapping: During migration, verify eIDAS/ESIGN adherence per tool; mismatched field placements can invalidate signatures across platforms.
Feature Comparison Matrix β–Ό

Feature Comparison Matrix

Feature HelloSign SignRequest OneSpan Sign DocuSign signNow Adobe Sign
Comprehensive API & SDKs Yes, Embedded Signing, SDKs (Ruby, Node, Java, PHP, Python, Go) Yes, REST API on paid plans [source] Yes, SDKs, OAuth 2.0, "code once deploy anywhere" [source][source] Yes, Embedded, multi-language SDKs, advanced automation Yes, Embed, SDK, tracks progress [source] Yes, Embed, pre-fill, SDK, low-code
Extensive Integrations Dropbox, Slack, HubSpot, Salesforce Basic (limited details) Enterprise systems (e.g., banking) >400 (Salesforce, SAP, Microsoft) Various apps, ease of integration Adobe PDF/Cloud, Azure AD, Okta, SAML, Power Automate
Enterprise Scalability & SLAs Unlimited requests, 99.9% SLA, volume discounts Unlimited in paid, SMB focus, limited bulk [source][source] Enterprise-grade, high-volume scaling [source][source] 99.9% SLA, high-volume enterprise Billions of calls, Fortune 500 scalable [source][source] 99.9% SLA, quote-based enterprise
Security Certifications SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA (add-ons), GDPR ISO 27001, GDPR, eIDAS [source] GDPR, HIPAA, SOC 2, eIDAS [source] FedRAMP Moderate, eIDAS, HIPAA, ESIGN, UETA, GDPR SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, GDPR, 21 CFR Part 11 [source][source] ISO 27001, eIDAS, ESIGN, GDPR
Encryption Standards 256-bit SSL 256-bit AES at rest [source] Robust (tamper-evident) [source] Advanced (TLS 1.2+) 256-bit SSL [source] TLS 1.2, advanced
Advanced Audit & Compliance Full audit trails, ESIGN/UETA Audit trails, GDPR/eIDAS Detailed trails, global compliance Full trails, global standards Audit trails, HIPAA compliant Full trails, eIDAS/ESIGN
Workflow Automation Templates, payments, basic routing Basic automation, templates Multi-step approvals, conditional Conditional routing, parallel, bulk send Advanced roles, notices, automation Dynamic forms, conditional, AI filling
Key Differentiator Developer-focused embed, quick setup EU-centric, freemium simplicity Identity verification, high-security industries [source][source] Granular controls, hardware digital sigs In-person signing, affordable workflows Native PDF editing/rendering
What Real Users Are Saying β–Ό

What Real Users Are Saying

Sentiment Summary Table

Product Sentiment Tech Users Love Tech Users Hate
HelloSign Positive Easy API integration and quick setup JWT complexity compared to competitors
SignRequest Positive Developer-friendly API for seamless builds Sparse feedback; limited scalability mentions
OneSpan Sign Neutral Insufficient technical feedback available No notable praises or complaints found
DocuSign Mixed Robust REST API and webhook integrations Painful setup, high API pricing, and JWT hassles
signNow Positive Flexible API with excellent dev experience and AWS ease Minimal frustrations reported

Key Technical Feedback

HelloSign

  • "Just used HelloSign API. Easiest integration ever." – Developer Suren Nihalani praising simplicity (source)
  • "HelloSign API has won an award for Best in Business Software APIs" – Engineer feedback on robust, award-winning design (source)
  • "DocuSign's JWT creation process is so time consuming" – Implicit frustration highlighting HelloSign's edge in ease (source)

DocuSign

  • "Integrated the eSignature REST API to build a portal... automating custom client documents" – Engineer Aydin Huseyin on efficient workflows (source)
  • "Simple DocuSign API will do it [for real estate disruption]" – Developer on straightforward integration potential (source)
  • "Connecting to DocuSign is usually painful β€” code, connectors, setup headaches" – PowerBI developer on integration woes (source)
  • "The problem with DocuSign is their pricing for the API, you as a developer have to pay for the number of requests" – Indie hacker on cost burdens (source)

signNow

  • "Powerful features, excellent developer experience" – AWS Marketplace integration feedback from devs (source)
  • "Seamlessly integrate eSignatures... with signNow's flexible API" – RevOps engineer on easy app/system embedding (source)
  • No major technical frustrations noted in developer posts.
Frequently Asked Questions β–Ό

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ: eSignature & Document Signing Tools (HelloSign, SignRequest, OneSpan Sign)

Q: What are key API integration considerations for HelloSign (now Dropbox Sign)?
A: HelloSign's REST API offers SDKs in multiple languages, clean documentation, and a dashboard for monitoring integration health, but requires OAuth for authentication and handles up to 100 requests per minute with rate limiting. It supports seamless embedding via iframes for custom workflows. source

Q: How complex is API integration with SignRequest?
A: SignRequest's REST API is straightforward for sending signature requests and tracking status, with easy integration via webhooks and no-code tools like Pipedream, though it lacks advanced SDKs and has usage-based pricing for high-volume API calls. Custom integrations may need handling of file size limits up to 20MB. source

Q: What API features does OneSpan Sign provide for enterprise integrations?
A: OneSpan Sign's REST API uses JSON schemas around a transaction model, supports interactive sandbox testing, and integrates with CRMs like Salesforce via pre-built connectors, but requires careful authentication setup for multi-tenant environments. It scales for high-volume transactions with robust error handling. source

Q: What is the migration complexity from DocuSign to HelloSign?
A: Migrating templates from DocuSign to HelloSign involves exporting via CSV and importing directly in the dashboard, which is low-complexity for small volumes but may require manual field mapping for custom workflows. API users can automate via bulk endpoints, typically completing in days for mid-sized accounts. source

Q: How does migration to OneSpan Sign from other eSignature tools work?
A: OneSpan offers a structured five-step migration methodology, including data export/import and integration reconfiguration, suitable even for tightly coupled DocuSign setups, with professional services for complex enterprise migrations taking 4-8 weeks. It includes a migration package for limited processes to minimize downtime. source

Q: What scaling concerns exist for these tools in enterprise use?
A: HelloSign scales well for SMBs with device-agnostic performance but may hit limits on bulk sends without premium plans; SignRequest handles moderate volumes economically but lacks enterprise-level analytics for very high throughput; OneSpan Sign excels in scalability with reusable code across business lines and high-volume automation. source

Q: What are key pricing and contract gotchas for these tools?
A: HelloSign's plans start at $15/user/month but overage fees apply beyond envelope limits, with annual contracts locking in discounts; SignRequest's API pricing is usage-based (€0.50/signature) without hidden caps but adds costs for bulk sends; OneSpan's enterprise terms include custom SLAs and minimum commitments, with third-party dependencies in contracts potentially affecting liability. source


References (50 sources) β–Ό